The wedding cert says his father is called John Rodgers who is a stock taker at an Iron Works. He appears on the 1871 census living with his brother John in Victoria Road Rawmarsh both working as puddlers in the iron industry. Roger is in and out of various prisons including Wormwood Scrubs
If Roger was ever in Pentonville, there is a photo of him.
It seems he indulged in quite a lot of criminal activity, including as a youngster (newspapers)
He is supposed to have been 18 in 1860.
1871 census transcript
https://www.freecen.org.uk/search_records/6450250bf493fdbe223cc38bHis birthplace there is generally transcribed as Dowles. There is a Dowles in Shropshire? Or any chance it was really meant to be Dowlais in Glamorgan?

It's possible he made up a fathers name or he had a step father called Rodgers.
Or he just may not have remembered his father's name. Could John and Roger have simply adopted the Rodgers name themselves, for whatever reason?
This may be desperation, but why not!
In Tipton in 1851 is a Sheen family, with the parents being Roger (labourer in iron works) and Ann. I think their ages are well out here.
Among the children are John, 15, born Bristol, and Roger, 10, born South Wales
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:SGG6-T6SLikely in 1841 they are in Gelligaer, Glamorgan, not far from Merthyr, as Shane?
Rodger Shane, 30, Labourer, and family
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M7WS-XTRNo Roger junior, youngest is Margaret, 1, who may have died soon after

John older here and born Ireland, but he just might be the Joannes Sheehan baptised in Bristol (Catholic), 27 May 1833 (image on ancestry)
What happened to them?
In an area with perhaps not that many Sheens or similar around, there is an Ann Sheen death registered in Dudley, Dec 1858. Age 61.
Could that be the wife of Roger, with her age out again?

Ann Sheen burial at Christ Church, West Bromwich, 24 Oct 1858
Abode Great Bridge
https://www.freereg.org.uk/search_records/5d9e6439f493fd6e78c582ca