Hello Suey:
In most cases,if the child is a male he is given his fathers surname. If the child is a girl, she is given her mothers surname. Most all children are given a biblico name.
a)James is a biblico name.
b)Lowther may be his fathers first name or a grandparents last name. Generaly though a child,s second name is his fathers first name.
c)Rosa is the surname of his mothers father.
d)Carvalho is the fathers surname name.
At a time when there was slavery in Brazil ,the children would be the property of the Master,therefore they would be baptised with his surname as their second name.
Regards: Margaret