I would translate it as follows:
His leg was broken/ smashed/ shattered following an explosion of a mine. (Allthough I don't know if devices like that existed at that time).
If this had happened in a mine, the French text would have had at least the preposition 'dans'.
That is how I translated it too, but it seems it was too early for the explosive devices we now think of as mines. However, we were close. I found a dictionary online of 17th century French, which defines "mine" as "work carried out underground beneath a bastion, ramparts or boulders to shift them by means of gunpowder".