Alabama:
"Statewide registration of deaths began 1 January 1908, with full compliance by 1925. Pre-1908 county records may be accessible through county clerks."
from
https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/How_to_Find_Alabama_Death_Records------------------
you probably have him in
1870 Dayton, Marengo County, Alabama
Did you notice that the previous household was headed by Martha Long, 55, mulatto, born in Virginia. In 1900 Julia said she and her parents were born in Virginia. When she died, the record said her mother's name was Martha.
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MHKV-RMD------------------
you have: 31 December 1868 Marriage, Marengo County, Alabama
Did you notice that, on the next page, a Paul Long was married the week before at the same place and by the same person. What color was he and can you tie him to Julia and/or Martha?
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in 1880 Jordan said his parents had both been born in North Carolina. Can you find a couple who match that place of birth in Marengo County, Alabama? Or any other Robinson/Robertson/etc in Marengo County who say their parents were born in NC?
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You have Julia's death, correct?:
Julia Robinson [Deshores]
d 7 Jan 1930, Ensley, Al
birth Perry Counts of Uniontown, Alabama
age 60
parents: John Deshores, born Alabama, Martha Hudson, born Virginia
spouse: Jordan Robinson
buried Uniontown, AL
Are there cemetery records of Uniontown, AL? John is probably buried there if Julia was taken back there. Black churches and church records? funeral homes, etc? Contact them.
Are there Black genealogy societies that cover Uniontown?
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If I remember right, freed slaves didn't always take the name of their previous owner's family, but often they did. They were free to choose any name.
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Look for
Black Roots, by Tony Burroughs, if you don't already have it. Very good guide to Black genealogy.
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I haven't spent a lot of time on this site, but this lady really seems to know what she is talking about. She might be of help. Just browsing her site might give you some ideas.
https://www.reclaimingkin.com/southern-plantations/That link is to a post on one resource to try to find the plantation on which the freed slaves had worked/lived.