Hi Jillian,
This entry from the 1881 census gives you another possible son of Samuel and Sarah:
ref RG11 1048 folio 59: Lamberhurst
Richard Golding head mar age 46 ag lab born Sussex, Ticehurst
Elizabeth do wife mar age 50 born Bishops Stortford, Herts
Richard do son age 14 born Bromley by bow, Middx
Sarah do dau age 13 born Goudhurst
(These details for the children match with those living with Samuel in 1871 as his grand children, which makes Richard his son).
In 1881, Sarah is widowed (FreeBMD has a possible death for Samuel, March qtr 1881 age 72 Cranbrook vol 2a page 440). She is living with Sarah Moore, grand dau, and two great grandchildren Ada and Emily.
The 1861 census in Goudhurst has the following family:
ref RG9 508 folio 61: Courtisan Green, Goudhurst
John Golding head mar age 30 born Goudhurst
Caroline do wife mar age 27 born Cranbrook
Emily do dau age 9 born do
Sarah do dau age 4 born Goudhurst
Thomas do son age 1 born do
James do son age 6 born do
This Sarah, aged 4 could possibly be the Sarah aged 23 on the 1881 census, which would make her father John another son of Samuel and Sarah.
The 1851 census shows just Samuel and Sarah with Thomas and James, so you really need the 1841 entry to piece the family together. I'd suggest that you post on the Sussex lookup request, for an 1841 lookup in Ticehurst, where Thomas and James were born.
There does not appear to be any sign of Thomas after 1861, and I'd agree with Casalguidi that he had either died, or emigrated.
Hope some of this helps,
xx Carol