So, we make a little progress!
The William Atkinson birth certificate pdf arrived today by email.
I will see how to attach a copy, but it does show that he was registered William Atkinson, with the father named as William Atkinson and mother Mary Ann Commons.
Though it is noted as Maiden name of mother, it seems that the birth would only be listed under both parents names , if they werent married as explained earlier by AntonyMMM
"My guess would be that this is an early example of a registration where unmarried parents are both named.
In the "old" printed indexes, that sort of entry is indexed twice, under each parent's surname."
At first glance I cannot find a marriage for William Atkinson and Mary Ann Commons.
That leaves the possibilty that they didnt marry, and Mary Ann did in fact later marry Robert Muirhead. This would explain the glassmaker connection suggested by Jonw65.
Yet, if so, he was known as William Muirhead until his marriage when he reverts to William Common, and shows his father as William Common "Boilersmith"
If anyone would like to join me exploring these options I would welcome any input.
Thanks again,
Eileen