Hi Judy
Can't see Charters/Charteris at all on the 1851 census. Getting zero results also on SP even with the use of wildcards. Unusual name, normally used as a surname (French origin I think?). But you have her in the 1861 census in England so she must have gone by that name and also registered her daughters' births with that name.
I can see a couple of Jackson families on the 1851 census in Hutton area which is what's given as her birth place on IGI, although the 3 entries are all submitted records rather than actual extracts from the OPRs. Not sure about her father being James, possibility it was John (?). There are a numerous sumitted entries for births with mother Agnes Bell (as that showing for Charters) but married to a John Jackson, children showing as born in Langholm.
If Charters was working in England in 1861, maybe family were taking care of her daughters in Dumfries. There is one entry each for an Agnes J, age 6 and a Margaret J, age 3 showing in Dumfries on SP. Have you looked at these?
Monica