Ive just found that Anjo has posted a similar reply while I've been writing this! But I'll put it on anyway in case there's any useful info. Do you have the info from censuses? If not, here it is:
1861
RG9/1922
Registration district: Wolstanton
Folio: 29
Address: Rookery, Knutton, Silverdale, Staffs
Henry Thornton, head, married, 20, labourer in ironstone, born Radnorshire, Knighton (despite what the transcription says)
Mary, wife, married, 20, born Staffordshire, Eccleshall
Eliza Pepper, niece, 1, born Staffordshire, Silverdale
1871
RG10/2840
Registration district: Wolstanton
Folio: 28
Address: Downing St (no, not that one) Knutton, Silverdale
Henry Thornton, head, married, 28, collier, born Radnorshire, Knighton
Mary, wife, married, 29, born Staffordshire, Eccleshall
Louisa, daughter, 10, scholar, born Staffordshire, Silverdale
Edwin, son, 8, scholar, born Staffordshire, Silverdale
Charlotte, daughter, 1, born Staffordshire, Silverdale
1881
RG11/2711
Registration district: Wolstanton
Sub-registration district: Tunstall
Folio: 107
Address: 76 Clayhills, Tunstall
Henry Thornton, head, married, 42, labourer at brickworks, born Shropshire, Knighton
Maria, wife, married, 42, born Staffs, Eccleshall
Charlotte, daughter, 11, scholar, born Staffordshire, Silverdale
Emily, daughter, 10, scholar, born Staffordshire, Silverdale
Samuel, son, 8, scholar, born Staffordshire, Silverdale
Joseph, son, 5, scholar, born Staffordshire, Newcastle
Maude Turner, nurse child, 2, born Newcastle
Now I've copied all that I get the feeling you've already got this information because of the two birth dates for Henry that you have!

Never mind, I'll leave it just in case you haven't.
Charlotte's birth certificate in 1869 (at least, it's
probably her's) can be obtained from the Newcastle-Under-Lyme office, sub-district Wolstanton ref WOL/21/20 (
http://www.staffordshirebmd.org.uk). That would tell you her mother's maiden name.
Hope this helps.
Jane