There were earlier census, from about 1800 I believe, but few survive as they were just head counts and not seen as anything else. I was lucky enough to have part of a 1821 census sent to me of part of Shropshire where my family were, and having an unusual name "Elks" it provided me with more info. Have you tried the Mormon Familysearch site? I always go there for pre-cenus info, it can be hit and miss but well worth the effort.