From 1851 onwards night workers were to be enumerated in their homes if they returned there the next day.
Just to expand on that: The instructions to the enumerator were that no person present on census night were to be omitted, and no person absent included. If individuals were working that night, or were travelling, they would be enumerated in the house to which they would normally return on the morning after they had finished their shift, or where they were to stay at the next stop on their journey.
Places of work did not get Census Schedules. Institutions like Workhouses, Prisons, Hospitals where people were inmates did. There were special institutional books for places with more than 200 inmates 1851-1881 reduced to 100 in 1891. Smaller ones were treated as normal households, although these criteria were not always followed.
Stan