I tried lacemaking a few years ago and despite being an experienced knitter and moderately good at crochet, I just couldn't get the hang of lacemaking. I think experienced lacemakers work without patterns, but I didn't get that far and couldn't even understand the patterns, which are not written in words, as knitting and crochet patterns are, but in patterns (at least the ones I was supposed to work with)
Lacemaking isn't cheap to take up either, it's not just a matter of a couple of knitting needles or crochet hooks, so I don't know how our poor ancestors did it.
Lizzie