I don't think so, I think this is just the name of a street as there are numerous diverse households with the same address.
Would have to look at an old map to be sure, but my guess is that it's roughly equivalent to the road called Abbey Close today. This area has been redeveloped (council offices, car parks, Waitrose etc), but runs behind, and roughly parallel to, Stert Street.
There are almshouses in Abingdon, but these are in the parish of St Helen. The Abbey itself of course has not existed since Henry VIII's dissolution of the monasteries.