Both born in Whitechapel
Cathayb this is an extract from the researcher at the Beth din.
"I am sorry to report that although I searched the registers of all the Ashkenazic Orthodox synagogues serving London in th 1850's whose secretaries had the authority to perform marriages, I did not come across the Phillips-Palmer entry you require"
While is could be that this couple had a "stille huppah" (lit.silent canopy) i.e a ceremony under private religious auspices without civil sanction."
Does that make sense to you

and if they did would the be legally married

I read it as not .