Ah - in 1861, we have:
John aged 39, Coffee Roaster, wife Mary Ann 29 Silk weaver, dau. Mary Ann age 2.
Address prob. 10 East Street Bethnal Green, but it looks as though they are sharing that with William Phillips age 75 Copper Master b. Norfolk, and his wife Charlotte age 72, same birthplace. No.s 8 & 9 are all Phillips family as well, all b. Bethnal Green,: Henry & Ann, with children Ann, Henry, John, Mary Ann, Caroline, Edward, Frederick; then Harriet & her dau. Harriett - mostly silk weavers.
Not certain now this is the right John...
...but re the death of a Catherine 1856 Whitechapel, might be worth giving that a go, as yours was in Whitechapel on the 1851 (and we can't find her on the 1861...not that anyone has turned up on that yet...!) the Death cert. would give the Informant, and that might be family, with luck...