MarieC,
In 1860, this Edward was born in 1804. There is a column on the 1860 census that states "married within the last year" and every last person on the page is checked. I take it to mean everyone is married and not that they physically married within the last year.

The 1880 has him born about 1800 in England. I do believe, whether he is your Edward or not, the 1860 and 1880 Edwards are the same people. There actually weren't a lot of Edward Martins from England in the census.
The death records for California that are on Ancestry miss the years we would need for this. The problem becomes, even if you found this person's death date and ordered a cert, would there have been anyone around who would know the information to give for the cert. I am not sure if there is a way to confirm this.
Does anyone else have any ideas?
Kath