
continued (on and on!)
As for life pre-1900 - I will tell what I know.... The lives of 'lunatics' were goverened partly by the penal system and poor law, depending on how they'd arrived, and partly by the Lunacy Acts - there was one passed in 1894(?) - in my life it was a huge leather bound tome that I loved - well out of date after the 1959 ACt. It regulated the minutiae of the lives of lunatics - down to who visited and whether they were of 'fit character' to be allowed, to what was suitable for lunch and what a petticoat was to be made of. There was a previous Lunacy Act but I'm unsure of the date - early 1880's I think. I don't know how well you remember the layout of the extremely select housing that now makes up what was Central Hospital - but it certainly is the best possible resoration and recycling project! All possible materials have been recycled - the brick scheme of the buildings is new but exactly the same scheme and made largely of the old bricks. The layout - given that so many individual houses have been built - is pretty similar, eith only later additions built over. Your GGF would have recognised it, to be sure.
I don't know where in the world you're based but I do occasionally get to Warwickshire, where I have close family, and I usually manage to call in and take a walk around (I live in the Outer Hebrides, though). I'd be very happy to meet you and anyone else who's interested when I'm down next (unknown) and show you where everything was that your GGF would have known. There are still some very beautiful areas and most of the farms are still intact. As a senior, he would only have done light, probably indoor work, perhaps some work in the market garden, if he was well enough at all. Men lived in one part of the hospital, women another. there were seperate wards for people, graded on how violent or disturbed they were. 'Idiots and Imbeciles' were the very first to arrive in the late 1850's, and they had to build the first buildings themselves. They built a seperate block off to the far left as you face the building, named Highfield. In my day, it was rather showing that the builders had been inept - a 2 floored building, part of a ward on the 2nd floor collapsed one day and landed on the inhabitants below.... but I don't think many were injured as it was at night and it was the 'dayroom' end of the wards. The only one occasion that the 2 sexes were allowed to mix freely was at the once yearly dance, a huge, wooden floored room on the 3rd floor which covered the whole floor. It had room for all patients (1200 at fullest) and about 500 staff. Everyone danced together, whoever they were. In my time, wards were still single sex - but this was good due to the lack of privacy in the layout. Most people were allowed to go out, meet with whom they would and wander far and near if they wished. Several patients were known to be 'carrying on' with several others. I think a blind eye was generally turned - we'd all been through the 1960's and 70's by then!
If you have a map, your GGF was probably living somewhere in the left half of the main hospital building, as it faces you.
treatments - were generally reserved for young 'non-senile' p\tients - what'd we'd today describe as bi-polar disorders or possibly schizophrenias. They were very wierd but based on some sort of logic, in a way. the first treatments involved locking the patient in a sort of upright barrel-type bath and alternating warm and tepid water into it. I think this probably relates to Galen's ideas about humours being out of order and about cold curing hot humours etc. Next (later than your GGF's time) there was an idea that people's minds were in a spin, so if you could 'unspin' them, that would do the trick. I remember the remains of a couple of large wooden summer-houses - lots of windows, on a huge sort of clockwork mechanism that I'm told had to be wound up by a horse. The summer-houses would then revolve slowly, with their cargo of patients inside to see if it would 'unwind them'.... sounds quite nice on a summer's day to me! The place also had its own TB wards (a possibility for your GGF, perhaps you can predict that by looking at his previous living conditions) though the admission criteria was still that you had to be 'insane, idiot, imbecile, moron or senile'. The TB ward all had sort of walled verandahs whos' roofs were made of a thick parchment, to let in cold and keep out weather. Patients would spend most of their TB lives out on the varandahs. It did work. I was unfortunate enough to work on one of these wards over a winter (TB patients had long ago been cared for elsewhere) and to have to do a daily Occupational Therapy session with my patients there. Believe me, we mostly danced for warmth, with icicles and snow deep on the ground outside and us no warmer than we would have been out in it! I think we also knitted blankets, so that we could get underneath them at the same time!